The Transact-SQL language is split up into four SQL Categories

Data Manipulation Language (DML) – These statements allow you to manipulate the data within your tables. Technically, the SELECT statement is in its own category DQL (Data Querying Language). However, most people place it into the DML category.

Data Definition Language (DDL) – These statements are used to define how objects are made, modified, and deleted.

Data Control Language (DCL) – These statements are used to control data. Specifically, they are used to manage the permissions to each of the objects with your SQL database.

Transactional Control Language (TCL) – These statements are used to control how transactions are processed.